The Domain Name System (DNS) arranges opportunities to connect to web sites, Email and web systems by mapping domain names to IP (Internet Protocol) addresses. These IP addresses are represented as numbers and letters. EG: 192.168.50.254 (IPV4) or 2001:503:A83:0:25:55 (IPV6).
The DNS uses specialized servers to translate names like www.microsoft.com into an IP address allowing data information to reach its destination. This process of DNS resolution gives people the ability to type memorable names into a search engine, as opposed to a stream of numbers and thus delivering greater ease in finding web sites and sending Emails.
Anatomy of a Domain
There are currently over 200 million registered domains. Domains are helpful for users to navigate through the web and also understand the web! They provide an address that directs internet users to the area of the web they wish to go. There are three levels of domains >>>
Top Level domain
TLD (Top Level Domain) is the highest level of composition on the web. There are typically two kinds: Generic TLD’S such as .net .org .com; and Country code TLD’S, which appear as two letter codes approved for use by specific regions, such as .uk .au, and .de.
DNS uses 8 steps to map domain names to IP address,
1. Type a domain or web address, (for example: www.microsoft.com) into the search engine. Your browser then sends a message to the network asking for help – This is called a DNS query.
4. This Root Name Server will provide you with the IP address of the Top Level Domain.
5. The ‘Forward Lookup Zone’ for the top level domain will then provide the IP address of the second level domain.
6. Next the server that holds the second level domain will return to your ISP a full answer. This answer will look like this: www.microsoft.com >>> IP Address:12.55.66.91.
7. Finally the ISP will forward the answer to your company and your computer will use the above IP address to connect to the resource which in this case is Microsoft.com.
The DNS uses specialized servers to translate names like www.microsoft.com into an IP address allowing data information to reach its destination. This process of DNS resolution gives people the ability to type memorable names into a search engine, as opposed to a stream of numbers and thus delivering greater ease in finding web sites and sending Emails.
Anatomy of a Domain
There are currently over 200 million registered domains. Domains are helpful for users to navigate through the web and also understand the web! They provide an address that directs internet users to the area of the web they wish to go. There are three levels of domains >>>
Top Level domain
TLD (Top Level Domain) is the highest level of composition on the web. There are typically two kinds: Generic TLD’S such as .net .org .com; and Country code TLD’S, which appear as two letter codes approved for use by specific regions, such as .uk .au, and .de.
Second Level Domain
The second level domain is the part (of the address) that appears to the immediate left of the TLD. People register for the second level to differentiate themselves or their offering from other sites.
The second level domain is the part (of the address) that appears to the immediate left of the TLD. People register for the second level to differentiate themselves or their offering from other sites.
Third Level Domain
The third level domain is commonly known as the sub-domain, this is the piece of the domain name that appears before the second-level domain. The most popular third level domain name would be WWW but can also take many other forms. EG: blogs.EETBS.com
The third level domain is commonly known as the sub-domain, this is the piece of the domain name that appears before the second-level domain. The most popular third level domain name would be WWW but can also take many other forms. EG: blogs.EETBS.com
How DNS Actually Works!
DNS uses 8 steps to map domain names to IP address,
1. Type a domain or web address, (for example: www.microsoft.com) into the search engine. Your browser then sends a message to the network asking for help – This is called a DNS query.
2. Your computer then contacts the internet service providers ‘recursive resolver’ allocated to the task of locating the disired destination. Your ISP may have to go about locating the IP address if not already having it cached.
3. If your ISP cannot resolve the query it will send a message to Root Name Servers.
4. This Root Name Server will provide you with the IP address of the Top Level Domain.
5. The ‘Forward Lookup Zone’ for the top level domain will then provide the IP address of the second level domain.
6. Next the server that holds the second level domain will return to your ISP a full answer. This answer will look like this: www.microsoft.com >>> IP Address:12.55.66.91.
7. Finally the ISP will forward the answer to your company and your computer will use the above IP address to connect to the resource which in this case is Microsoft.com.
Hope you enjoyed the above article.
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