Port 20/21: FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
FTP is used for the transfer of files over a computer network. It is one of the most commonly used file transfer protocols within private networks and also the Internet. Port 20 is used for the credentials of the data and port 21 is used to actually transfer the data.
Port 22: SSH (Secure Shell)
SSH is used to manage network devices securely at the command level. It is commonly used as a secure alternative to Telnet which does not support secure connections.
Port 23: Telnet
Telnet is another protocol that is used to manage network devices but this provides a very unsecure connection compared to SSH.
Port 25: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
SMTP is used for transferring mail from source to destination between mail servers and is also used by end users to send emails to a mail system.
Port 53: DNS (Domain Name System)
DNS is used on the Internet and in private networks to translate domain names into IP addresses. A DNS server can also be used to set up a private network to private naming services between the hosts of the internal network without being a part of the global system.
Port 67/68: DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
DHCP is used in a network that does not use static IP addresses. A DHCP server is used to automatically assign IP addresses to a client that requests an IP address.
Port 69: TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
TFTP is another file transfer protocol. TFTP offers a method of file transfer without the session requirements that FTP uses. Because TFTP uses UDP instead of TCP, you do not know that the file has been transferred properly. The end user must be able to check the file to ensure that the file transfer has been successful.
Port 80: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
HTTP is one of the most commonly used protocols on networks. HTTP is the main protocol used for web browsers.
Port 110: POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)
POP3 is one of the most commonly used protocols for mail retrieval from a mail server. Once the client that is using this protocol retrieves his mail from the server, it is then also deleted from the server.
Port 123: NTP (Network Time Protocol)
NTP is used to synchronise devices on the Internet. It is also used to synchronise time over the network.
Port 137/138/139: NetBIOS
NetBIOS is not actually a protocol. It is used in combination with IP and NetBIOS over the TCP/IP Protocol.
Port 143: IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)
IMAP is another of the most commonly used protocols for mail retrieval from a mail server. When using IMAP, once you retrieve your mail from the mail server it will stay on the server compared to POP3 which deletes it off the server.
Port 161/162: SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
SNMP is used for network management by network administrators. SNMP has a number of abilities which are the ability to monitor, configure and control networks devices.
Port 179: BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
BGP is used on the Internet and ISP’s to maintain very large routing tables and to process traffic.
Port 389: LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
LDAP is used for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information. LDAP has been simplified and altered to use over TCP/IP networks.
Port 443: HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL/TLS)
HTTPS is the more secure version of HTTP. HTTPS provides the same services but in a much more secure fashion using SSL or TLS.
Port 636: LDAPS (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol over SSL/TLS)
LDAPS like HTTPS is the more secure version of LDAP. LDAPS provides the same services as LDAP but in a much more secure manner using SSL or TLS.
Port 989/990: FTP over SSL/TLS
Just like LDAPS and HTTPS, FTP over SSL/TLS provides the same services as FTP but in a much more secure manner using SSL or TLS.
Port 3389: RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)
RDP is provides a graphical user interface on another users PC over a network connection. RDP is also used for file transfer over the network as well.
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